Abstract

The entanglement spectrum (ES) has been found to provide useful probes of topological phases of matter and other exotic strongly correlated states. For the system's ground state, the ES is defined as the full eigenvalue spectrum of the reduced density matrix obtained by tracing out the degrees of freedom in part of the system. A key result observed in various topological phases and other gapped systems has been the remarkable correspondence between the ES and the edge-state spectrum. While this correspondence has been analytically proven for some topological phases, it is interesting to ask what systems show this correspondence more generally and how the ES changes when the bulk energy gap closes.